The difference between someone developing a framework and someone developing a model in research or a dissertation lies in the purpose, structure, and focus of each concept. Below is a detailed explanation, including differences in the format of writing:
1. Framework
A framework provides a conceptual structure that guides the study. It helps to identify variables, theories, or concepts relevant to the research and how they interact. Frameworks are often theoretical or conceptual.
Types:
Theoretical Framework: Draws on existing theories to explain the relationships between variables in your study.
Conceptual Framework: Combines concepts, ideas, and constructs from existing research, often in fields where no single theory exists.
Purpose:
Explains the underlying theoretical foundation of the study.
Helps to identify what is being studied and the relationships between the components.
Guides the research design, data collection, and analysis.
Format of Writing:
Begin with an explanation of the theory or concepts you are using.
Cite the authors and studies that introduced the theories.
Use diagrams or flowcharts to visualize relationships between variables.
Relate the framework directly to your research objectives and questions.
2. Model
A model is a simplified representation of a process, system, or phenomenon, often used for prediction, explanation, or understanding.
Types:
Descriptive Models: Explain how things are or were.
Predictive Models: Forecast future events or behaviors.
Prescriptive Models: Recommend actions based on predictions.
Purpose:
Provides a practical, often visual representation of relationships, processes, or interactions.
Often built on empirical data or existing frameworks.
Focused on explaining how variables interact in a specific context.
Format of Writing:
Start by explaining the concepts and processes in your model.
Include a diagram to represent the model visually.
Provide an operational definition for each element.
Highlight how the model is derived from your data or adapted from existing models.
Discuss how the model is used to explain or predict the phenomenon under study.
Key Differences
Example
Framework: You are studying factors affecting employee performance. Your conceptual framework might include concepts like motivation, job satisfaction, and management style, explaining how these interact.
Model: You create a model showing how specific motivational factors (e.g., incentives) and job satisfaction directly influence measurable outcomes like productivity.
In writing, the framework is often discussed in the literature review or methodology sections, while the model is developed and discussed as part of your results or analysis.
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